First of all, let me clarify: I'm not saying that this supposed problem proves that the state in anyway is superior or better than the free market, but I do think that this might be a problem, and I wonder how a market would solve it. If I have thought about this the wrong way, and if it is really a non-problem, I'd like to know that too, of course.
Let's say that we have a free market world. Let's also say that there is a taxi service, that is very iconic; it as associated with the city as much as the Eiffel Tower is associated with Paris. The look of the taxi cabs attracts a lot of people to the city where the taxi service operates, and all the businesses there thrive because of the presence of the taxis. There is however a problem; no one actually travel by taxi, everyone just like the looks of the taxis (kind of like the phone booths in London), so the taxi company wants to apply for bankruptcy, unless the businesses of the city choose to finance the operations of the taxi company. It is in the interest of every single business in town that the taxi company survives, but no one is willing to finance the company. Why? Because in order to survive, at least 50 000 out of 100 000 businesses have to invest 50 dollars in the company (let's, for the sake of simplicity say that no company would profit if it invested more than that), but every company thinks "well, if 49 999 can invest in the company without me help, then 50 000 can invest in the company without my help, and if less than 49 999 invest in the company, there's no point of me investing in the company", so no one invests, and everyone is worse off as a consequence.
Am I thinking about this in the right way? What could a market do to solve this problem?
/Sebastian